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Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management
22 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyIndigenisation of technology and developing new technology; cyber security.
Foreign technology dependence and operational sovereigntyCritical services → foreign-controlled networks, software & equipment Ownership ≠ technical control or assured service continuity
22 Oct 2026EconomyIndian Economy – growth, development and monetary policy.
Broadening inflation and monetary-policy trade-offsSupply shock → risk of broad-based, persistent inflation Policy rate vs stance → related but distinct signals
22 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyEnvironmental pollution and degradation; infrastructure – energy and transport.
Sustainable aviation fuel and CORSIA readinessAviation decarbonisation → cleaner fuels + emissions accounting Proposed Indian blending pathway → industry-reported, not final notification
22 Oct 2026AgricultureMajor crops and cropping patterns; irrigation, agricultural marketing and land reforms.
FRA-recognised land and sustainable tribal agricultureTenure recognition → foundation, not completion, of livelihood security Agro-ecological diversification → pulses, oilseeds & local crop choices
22 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyConservation, environmental pollution and degradation; biodiversity.
Cetacean strandings and coastal monitoring gapsMarine biodiversity monitoring → sightings, strandings & acoustic evidence Recorded absence ≠ ecological absence
21 Oct 2026Internal SecurityAutonomous AI and cybersecurity — basics of cyber security; challenges to internal security through communication networks.
Autonomous AI and the cybersecurity detection gapAgentic AI can conduct multi-step actions that create or amplify cybersecurity risks. Fast reporting rules are ineffective if organisations cannot detect intrusions.
21 Oct 2026Disaster ManagementTelecom network resilience — disaster and disaster management; infrastructure.
Disaster-resilient telecommunications as a lifelineTelecommunications is a critical lifeline with multiple interdependent failure points. Tower strengthening alone cannot secure network continuity.
21 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyPaddy-land conversion — conservation, environmental degradation and environmental impact assessment.
Paddy-field conservation and administrative dilutionConservation objectives can be weakened through administrative rules and regularisation practices. The issue concerns implementation design as well as enforcement.
21 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyStrategic technology supply chains — indigenisation of technology; effects of liberalisation and changes in industrial policy.
Dual-use export controls and India’s infrastructure resilienceConcentrated machinery and technology supplies can become strategic vulnerabilities. Dual-use export controls can affect civilian infrastructure and industrial upgrading.
17 Oct 2026
Proposed technology controls and India’s solar value chainChina announced a draft proposal to prohibit or restrict exports of selected technologies, including photovoltaic manufacturing know-how. The proposal raises questions about the depth and resilience of India’s domestic solar manufacturing capacity.
17 Oct 2026
Autonomous agents expose conventional cybersecurity gapsCERT-In disclosed that autonomous software agents undergoing research and evaluation had reached live systems of Indian organisations. The disclosure highlights how familiar vulnerabilities can be discovered and exploited more rapidly and extensively.
17 Oct 2026
Tribunal scrutiny of industrial chromium contaminationThe National Green Tribunal took up reported hexavalent chromium contamination of groundwater in Uttar Pradesh and sought responses from multiple authorities. The proceedings bring legacy waste management, safe water and remediation accountability into focus.
22 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyTechnology sovereignty – control planes and critical-service continuity
Domestic ownership and data localisation do not necessarily ensure technological sovereignty. Critically examine with reference to satellite services, cloud computing and digital payments in India. (250 words, 15 marks)22 Oct 2026AgricultureFRA livelihoods – community-led pulses and oilseed diversification
Recognition of forest rights is a foundation, not a guarantee, of livelihood security. Analyse how agro-ecologically suitable pulses and oilseeds can strengthen livelihoods on FRA-recognised land without undermining community rights. (250 words, 15 marks)21 Oct 2026Internal SecurityAgentic AI — preventive cybersecurity and distributed accountability
Mandatory incident reporting cannot compensate for weak cyber-intrusion detection. Analyse this statement in the context of autonomous AI agents and suggest a risk-based response. (150 words, 10 marks)21 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyPaddy-land governance — regulatory dilution and ecological outcomes
A strong conservation statute may fail when administrative incentives favour land conversion. Examine with reference to paddy-field ecosystems and suggest institutional remedies. (150 words, 10 marks)17 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyLegacy industrial chromium pollution and remediation accountability
Groundwater contamination by persistent industrial pollutants exposes weaknesses in both environmental regulation and public-health protection. Discuss, using chromium contamination as an illustration, and propose an accountable framework for remediation. (250 words, 15 marks)22 Oct 2026EconomySupply shocks – second-round inflation and monetary response
Consider the following statements: Statement-I: A central bank may tighten monetary policy in response to an oil-price shock even though a higher policy rate cannot directly increase oil supply. Statement-II: An initial supply shock can spread through inflation expectations, wage-setting and the pricing of other goods and services. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?22 Oct 2026EconomyIndustrial indices – base effects and series comparability
Consider the following statements about industrial production indices: 1. A low output level in the corresponding month of the previous year can raise the current year-on-year growth rate. 2. Positive year-on-year growth necessarily implies that output increased over the immediately preceding month. 3. A change in an index's coverage or weights can limit direct comparison with the old series. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:22 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyCORSIA – scope, offsetting and eligible aviation fuels
Consider the following statements about the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA): 1. It operates under the International Civil Aviation Organization. 2. It is an economy-wide emissions-trading system covering domestic transport and electricity generation. 3. Recognised life-cycle emissions reductions from eligible aviation fuels can reduce an aircraft operator's offsetting requirements. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:22 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyCetaceans – baleen feeding, resident populations and observation bias
Consider the following statements: 1. The blue whale feeds using baleen plates rather than functional teeth. 2. The Arabian Sea humpback whale population is known for remaining within the region rather than undertaking the long migrations typical of many other humpback populations. 3. A decline in recorded whale strandings necessarily demonstrates a decline in whale occurrence along that coast. How many of the above statements are correct?22 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyWeb public key infrastructure – intermediate certificates and key entropy
Showing published editions from the last 90 days. Open any item to read it in its full daily edition with the mind map, model answer and quiz.
22 Oct 2026Science & TechnologySatellite navigation – minimum measurements for standalone positioning
For an ordinary satellite-navigation receiver without an independently synchronised clock or external positioning constraints, what is the minimum number of satellites from which usable signals are ordinarily required to determine three-dimensional position and receiver clock offset?22 Oct 2026AgricultureForest Rights Act – tenure characteristics and livelihood support
Consider the following statements regarding the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006: 1. Rights recognised under the Act are heritable but not alienable or transferable. 2. The Act recognises certain community rights relating to minor forest produce. 3. Recognition of a cultivation right by itself ensures access to irrigation, agricultural extension and remunerative markets. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:21 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyOpen-weight AI — parameters, licensing and deployment
Consider the following statements about open-weight artificial intelligence models: 1. Model weights are numerical parameters that influence how a trained model processes inputs. 2. Releasing model weights necessarily makes the training data and training code publicly available. 3. Subject to technical and licensing requirements, downloadable weights may permit deployment on an organisation’s own infrastructure. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:21 Oct 2026Science & TechnologySolar spectroscopy — Doppler measurement of plasma motion
Which one of the following observations most directly enables a solar spectrograph to infer the line-of-sight velocity of emitting plasma?21 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyPaddy-field ecosystem services — storage and flood regulation
Consider the following statements: Statement-I: Conversion of low-lying paddy fields into built-up land can increase local flood risk. Statement-II: Paddy-field landscapes can temporarily store water and regulate local hydrological processes. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?21 Oct 2026EconomyFree trade agreements — preferential rules of origin
Which one of the following instruments most directly addresses the risk of goods from a non-member country being routed through a free trade agreement partner merely to claim preferential tariffs?21 Oct 2026AgricultureSugar-sector pricing — cane FRP, sugar price and ethanol linkage
Consider the following statements: 1. The Fair and Remunerative Price of sugarcane is fixed by the Central Government. 2. The minimum selling price of sugar is the price that sugar mills are required to pay farmers for sugarcane. 3. Changes in ethanol procurement opportunities can affect sugar mills’ liquidity and their capacity to make timely cane payments. Which of the statements given above are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below:17 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyTandem photovoltaics and upstream polysilicon
With reference to solar photovoltaic technology, consider the following statements: 1. A photovoltaic cell uses a semiconductor to convert incident light into electrical energy. 2. A tandem solar cell can combine absorbers with different band gaps to utilise different parts of the solar spectrum. 3. Polysilicon production and the assembly of finished solar modules are the same manufacturing stage. Which of the statements given above are correct?17 Oct 2026EconomyAT1 capital instruments and contingent loss absorption
Consider the following Assertion and Reason: Assertion: Additional Tier 1 bonds should not be treated as equivalent to ordinary bank fixed deposits. Reason: Additional Tier 1 instruments are designed to absorb losses and may be written down or converted into equity when specified triggers are met under the applicable terms and regulatory framework. Select the correct answer using the code given below.17 Oct 2026Environment & EcologyChromium speciation and groundwater treatment
With reference to chromium contamination of groundwater, consider the following statements: 1. Trivalent and hexavalent chromium have identical chemical behaviour and toxicity. 2. Reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, followed by suitable precipitation and separation, can be used in chromium-removal treatment. 3. Ordinary boiling necessarily removes dissolved chromium from contaminated water. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?17 Oct 2026Science & TechnologyCredential exposure and least-privilege cloud access
Consider the following pairs of cybersecurity weaknesses and corresponding corrective controls: 1. Credentials exposed in a public code repository — Revoke and rotate the exposed credentials 2. Cloud-service roles with excessive permissions — Restrict privileges to those required for the task 3. Failure to notice unauthorised access — Maintain access logs and monitor anomalous activity How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?